3.23 understand that division of a diploid cell by mitosis produces two cells which contain identical sets of chromosomes.

Okay so mitosis is when a cell reproduces by splitting itself in two to form two cells with identical sets of chromosomes (this is the definition we need for exams). This means that when a diploid cell (with 46 chromosomes) divides by mitosis, two diploid cells (both with identical 46 chromosomes) result. This is how it works...

NOTE: we do not need to learn the names of each stage for the exam, this is just the best diagram I could find :)

image source: publications.nigms.nih.gov